sam mahadur

 well come to the Sam bahadur.

field marshal Sam hormesis Framji Jamshedji  Manekshaw MC ( 3 April 1914-june 27, 2008) ,also known as Sam bahadur ( the brave ) was an  indian army general officer who was the chief of the army staff during  the Bangladesh liberation war in 1971, and the first indian army officer to be promoted to the rank of field  marshal. his active military career spanned four decades, beginning with service in world war 2.

Manekshaw joined the first intake of the indian military academy at Dehradun in 1932.he was commissioned into the 4th battalion, 12th frontier force regiment . in world war 2, he was awarded the  military cross for gallantry . following the  partition of india in 1947, he was reassigned to the 8th Gorkha rifles. Manekshaw was seconded to a planning role during the 1947 Indo -Pakistani war and the Hyderabad crisis, and as a result, he never commanded an infantry battalion. he was  promoted to the  rank  of  brigadier while serving at the military operations directorate. he became the commander of 167 infantry brigade in 1952 and served in this position until 1954 when he took over as the director of military training at the army headquarters.

after completing the higher command course at the imperial defence college ,he was appointed the general officer commanding of the  26th infantry division. He also served as the commandant of the defence services staff college. in 1962 ,he was  accused in a politically motivated treason trial, he was eventually found innocent but thus could not serve in the 1962 war .in 1963,manekshaw was  promoted to the rank of army commander and took over western command. in this role ,in 1967,he was involved in the first indian victory against a  Chinese offensive during the Nathu la and Cho la clashes.

Manekshaw was awarded the  Padma Bhushan, the  third highest indian civilian award, in 1968 for responding to the  insurgencies in  Nagaland and  Mizoram. Manekshaw became the seventh chief of army staff in 1969.undernhis command ,indian forces providing them with arms and ammunitions to fight against the strong regular army of Pakistan in the creation of Bangladesh in December 1972 for his   services to the rank of field marshal in January 1973, the rank of  field marshal in January 1973,the  post, second being K. M Cariappa. he retired to 15 January 1973 (also celebrated as army day) .he died on 27 June 2008,at the age of 94,due to respiratory problems.

Manekshaw 

early life and family.

Sam Maniksha was born on 3 April 1914 in Amritsar to Hormazd (1871-1964) , a doctor ,and  Hilla, nee Mehta (1885-1970).both of his parents were parses echo had moved to Amritsar from the city of  Valsad in coastal Gujarat. Manekshaw s parents had  left Mumbai in 1903 for Lahore, where his  father  was  going to  start  practising medicine however ,when their train halted at Amritsar station , Hilla found it impossible to  travel any further due to  her  advanced pregnancy .after hilla had  recovered from child birth ,the couple decided to stay  in Amritsar ,where Hormazd soon set up a clinic and  pharmacy .the couple had four sons (fail,jan, sam and Jami) and two daughters (Cilla and Sheru).Manekshaw was their fifth child and third son.

during world war 2, Hormazd had  served in the British indian army as a captain in the indian medical service (now the army medical corps).Manekshaws elder brother fail and  Jan became engineers , while his sisters Cilla and Sheru became teachers. Manekshaws younger brother Jami became a doctor and served in the  royal indian air force as a medical officer.in 1948,jami became  the first indian to be  awarded air surgeons wing from naval air  station Pensacola in  the  united states, after completing  a training course there. Jami  joined his elder brother,sam ,in becoming a flag officer ,and  retired as an  air  vice marshal in the indian air force.

CHIEF OF ARMY STAFF 

gen P.P kumara Mangalam retired as the chief as the  chief of army staff (COAS) in jane 1969. Manekshaw was appointed as the  eighth chief of the army staff on 08 June 1969. during his tenure ,he  was in atramental in stopping a plan to reserve quotas in the  army for scheduled castes and  scheduled tribes. though he was a Parsi, a minority in india, Manekshaw felt reservation would compromise the ethos of the army and  believed all must  be  given an equal chance.

education.

Manekshaw completed his primary schooling in Punjab, and then joined Sherwood college , nainital.in 1931,he passed his senior high school examinations with distinction .he then asked his  father to send him to send to Landon to study medicine ,but father refused as he was not old enough .his father was  already supporting Sams elder brother who were studying engineering in London . Manekshaw instead enrolled at the Hindu Sabha college (now the Hindu college Amritsar ) and graduated in April 1932.

a formal notification for the entrance  examination to  enrol in the  newly established indian military academy.(IMA) was issued in the early  months of 1932. examinations were scheduled for June or july.in an act of  rebellion against his fathers refusal to send him to London, Manekshaw applied for a place and sat for the  entrance exams in Delhi. On 1 October 1932,he was one of the  fifteen cadets be selected through an open competition, and placed sixth in the  order  of merit.

indian military academy.

Manekshaw was part of the first batch  of cadets at the IMA .called the pioneers, this batch also included Amith dun and Muhammad muse  khan. The future commanders -in -chief of Burma and Pakistan ,respectively. Although the academy was inaugurated on 10 December 1932,the cadets military  training commenced on 1 October 1932 .as an IMA  cadet, Manekshaw  went  on  to  achieve a number of  distinction : the  only  one  to  attain  the  rank  of  field marshal . the commandant of the  academy during  this  period  was  brigadier  Lionel peter Collins. Manekshaw was almost  suspended from the academy when he  went to Mussoorie for a holiday with Kumar Jit Singh (the maharaja of Kapurthala ) and haji Iftikhar Ahmed, and did not return in time for the morning drills.

of the 40 cadets inducted into the IMA ,only 22 completed the course: they were  commissioned as second   lieutenants on 1 February 1935. some of his batchmates were dewan Ranjit rai: Mohan Singh ,the founder of the  indian national army